{"id":"W2278017839","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolecon.2016.01.017","title":"A rural myth? Sources and implications of the perceived unfairness of carbon taxes in rural communities","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Economics","topic":"Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":53,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa; Balsillie School of International Affairs","funders":"Environment Canada; Carbon Management Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Economics; Opposition (politics); Carbon tax; Public economics; Disadvantaged; Revenue; Population; Tax reform; Economic growth; Political science; Sociology; Politics; Finance; Greenhouse gas","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003000767,0.0001336933,0.0004958329,0.0001133246,0.00006710143,0.00001527117,0.0003811994,0.000140524,0.00008988126],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008738139,0.00009607162,0.0001101723,0.00007234717,0.0005386042,0.0001291454,0.0002090223,0.0001072072,0.000009254632],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001002395,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001857896,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008185913,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009684188,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988372,0.00003558747,0.0007511381,0.0001288993,0.000008140405,0.0002390232],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988626,0.000309732,0.0004401503,0.0003268567,0.00001268881,0.00004802659],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000171985,0.00007080919,0.7636699,0.00001445759,0.00002136236,3.827066e-8,0.0008077928,0.00003382672,0.00006999868,0.2347578,0.000026559,0.0005102688],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000474828,0.00005544042,0.7794075,0.00001866888,0.000003001408,0.000002182569,0.001078332,0.0002847913,0.00007760674,0.2182813,0.0001998003,0.0001165259],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9829742,0.0001493838,0.000004186715,0.003088341,0.0001061116,0.0001717234,0.0002803936,0.000008762812,0.0132169],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993462,0.0002299578,0.00003010521,0.0002224241,0.00003463551,0.00002949863,0.000002572611,0.0000104754,0.00009414471],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01647645,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3917687,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0284132956112889,"score_gpt":0.2087594033794324,"score_spread":0.1803461077681434,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}