{"id":"W2281017854","doi":"","title":"Dust Variability and Land Degradation in the Sahel","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Arab world geographer","topic":"African Botany and Ecology Studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Desertification; Land degradation; Arid; Context (archaeology); Geography; Deflation; Environmental degradation; Environmental science; Climatology; Land use; Ecology; Biology; Geology","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003981255,0.00006308111,0.00007755787,0.000009397039,0.0001823641,0.00002078642,0.00008636834,0.0000274576,0.0002242048],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002964599,0.00001898647,0.00002603438,0.0005214289,0.0001029254,0.00005490251,0.0000271895,0.00007493288,0.000007505922],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000003406506,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":8.374776e-7,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003590133,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02912943,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994463,0.000101803,0.00009011215,0.0001501818,0.00005837182,0.0001532395],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995969,0.0003125369,0.00002382871,0.00003611076,0.000011935,0.00001872446],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008989296,0.00003902508,0.9898263,4.844425e-7,0.000004609442,0.000002556279,0.00006301783,4.962907e-7,0.00008076945,0.0001820099,0.0003474209,0.009444386],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006438673,0.00002781082,0.9766303,0.000002011838,0.000005490863,0.00000315899,0.0003208893,0.000006758678,0.000001235258,0.002003521,0.0208808,0.00005358605],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9890203,0.0001493891,6.423386e-7,0.004453411,0.00003232545,0.000103333,0.000002492001,0.00001509051,0.006223048],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998764,0.0000976126,0.0000154241,0.0006063466,0.00004909461,0.00001801505,0.000004151829,2.123611e-7,0.0004451692],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02877042,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9885864,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01706106737912702,"score_gpt":0.2145435794984386,"score_spread":0.1974825121193116,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}