{"id":"W2283150597","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2016.02.062","title":"Surface amination of activated carbon and petroleum coke for the removal of naphthenic acids and treatment of oil sands process-affected water (OSPW)","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Petroleum Processing and Analysis","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":80,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Adsorption; Activated carbon; Chemistry; Naphthenic acid; Amination; Oil sands; Petroleum coke; Coke; Carbon fibers; Ammonia; Chemical engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Waste management; Organic chemistry; Asphalt; Catalysis; Materials science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001095485,0.0001242555,0.0002747976,0.00003976704,0.00002532437,0.000009085683,0.00007440295,0.0000812467,0.00000909973],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009121048,0.00006191163,0.00007703169,0.00005548311,0.00006971338,0.00004309442,0.00001246217,0.00007021236,1.936653e-8],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004438085,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002017459,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003110133,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.864769e-8,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993417,0.000004796417,0.0002561394,0.0001115338,0.0001384265,0.0001473662],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994712,0.0001354608,0.0001364628,0.00009038328,0.0001127865,0.00005369909],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009510855,0.00005019686,0.0003472614,0.0002751877,0.0001775361,0.000001323931,0.0001620607,0.0002780178,0.9860367,0.000001390096,4.566313e-7,0.01257482],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001434456,0.0000555933,0.0001000278,0.0002552542,0.0001497112,0.0000869221,0.00003601595,0.01073085,0.9869925,0.00000763577,0.00007279252,0.0000781802],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9985194,0.0008299656,0.0004585874,0.00007668089,0.00001333126,0.000005799178,0.00001011035,0.00001214094,0.0000739903],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990058,0.0002177345,0.0003648153,4.97294e-7,0.00004652871,0.000002243096,0.000003080848,0.00001445123,0.0003448477],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01249664,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2524683,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.006418274695019958,"score_gpt":0.213415398072088,"score_spread":0.206997123377068,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}