{"id":"W2285211598","doi":"","title":"Before and After Reform: How Have Families on Welfare Changed?","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Gender, Labor, and Family Dynamics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Disadvantaged; Welfare; Welfare reform; Quarter (Canadian coin); Cash; Social policy; Economics; Aid to Families with Dependent Children; Labour economics; Term (time); Work (physics); Demographic economics; Economic growth; Engineering; Finance","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000174428,0.0001146724,0.0001159093,0.0000689884,0.000395261,0.00009950086,0.0001151113,0.0001240566,0.0001731088],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002139005,0.00008716403,0.00003743501,0.0001396075,0.000177815,0.0001687399,0.00003744156,0.00009141494,0.00002044437],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000979263,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002240899,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003448421,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1085616,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990774,0.00003874735,0.00007427306,0.0002099534,0.0002644471,0.0003352109],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996313,0.000008275873,0.00002510012,0.0001514888,0.00006084173,0.0001229927],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005765364,0.0000960737,0.7360186,0.00002487025,0.00003480121,0.00005567824,0.114259,0.000001242022,0.00001098887,0.1084306,0.000745328,0.04026514],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002096935,0.0001059286,0.6512823,0.00001006532,0.000009480789,0.000001513504,0.1842512,0.00006131311,0.000002539819,0.001281876,0.1626022,0.0001819218],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7923617,0.00006959541,0.00004123578,0.01481218,0.0002042966,0.0001447589,0.00001063901,0.0000813522,0.1922743],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9682526,0.000467003,0.0001589119,0.001039127,0.0002127384,0.00001840124,0.000005791888,0.0000103177,0.02983508],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.175891,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9077048,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01758666326697848,"score_gpt":0.257988713595117,"score_spread":0.2404020503281386,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}