{"id":"W2285720162","doi":"10.1086/683343","title":"Numerical Methods, Complexity, and Epistemic Hierarchies","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Philosophy of Science","topic":"Computability, Logic, AI Algorithms","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Hierarchy; Appeal; Epistemology; Computer science; Computational complexity theory; Mathematics; Algorithm; Philosophy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00263177,0.0001707253,0.0003281609,0.0002843773,0.0002161354,0.0001448572,0.002272201,0.00003420216,0.000002758316],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005179396,0.0001491692,0.00005345262,0.001600294,0.00487083,0.000889832,0.001478848,0.0001622461,0.00001139085],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005794445,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000276277,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007471972,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.070205e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974918,0.0001963021,0.0003495192,0.0007466166,0.0008253095,0.0003904847],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980313,0.0003032556,0.0001486245,0.0007854992,0.0003238204,0.0004075257],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009607962,0.000166198,0.00277953,0.00004976308,0.000006790983,0.000008028759,0.002240079,0.0001673054,0.002261989,0.9216059,0.00005125969,0.07065348],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001958204,0.0001870386,0.008199302,0.00001488286,0.000002407006,0.00006528026,0.00002335328,0.1000088,0.002264304,0.8887308,0.0001307412,0.0001772908],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.02904116,0.000649305,0.9431951,0.01206942,0.0007615329,0.0002638297,0.000003126724,0.0002109884,0.01380554],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5536025,0.000003377022,0.4462222,0.0001103246,0.0000502351,0.000003135991,1.528689e-7,0.000002933509,0.00000517575],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5245613,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9978374,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1395111919948548,"score_gpt":0.359535229851547,"score_spread":0.2200240378566921,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}