{"id":"W2293335243","doi":"10.55016/ojs/sppp.v9i1.42566","title":"Is ‘Charter-City Status’ a Solution for Financing City Services in Canada — or Is That a Myth?","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The School of Public Policy Publications","topic":"Transport and Economic Policies","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Trent University","funders":"","keywords":"Mythology; Charter; Finance; Business; Public administration; Political science; History; Law","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005625123,0.0001843307,0.0002522372,0.00051729,0.0002905639,0.0002427082,0.0006762681,0.0000615808,0.0008039211],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002329053,0.0001176041,0.00009591554,0.0008403353,0.00008222855,0.00325228,0.0001270321,0.00009507651,0.00004596647],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004948059,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002066212,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.8966233,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9083212,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982948,0.00001129087,0.0004577251,0.0002780717,0.0001873261,0.0007707447],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986148,0.0001068346,0.0004149732,0.0005766223,0.000220924,0.00006580908],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004672859,0.0001069178,0.8119632,0.0002127641,0.00009157506,1.622048e-7,0.0005372741,0.0000029757,0.0002728184,0.05220169,0.1225047,0.01205921],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006507206,0.000004246447,0.6590374,0.00003858121,0.00002008113,6.541756e-7,0.0003124324,0.000551011,0.00005723289,0.005080512,0.3340781,0.0001690688],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7320453,0.00004183814,0.001144363,0.2598189,0.0001405331,0.0005668002,0.0004959413,0.00007798111,0.005668298],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9844391,0.00003417055,0.00007389578,0.01262643,0.0005319695,0.0002076182,0.00004251612,0.00001996209,0.00202428],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2523938,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8802373,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05883016894066108,"score_gpt":0.2581211845122051,"score_spread":0.199291015571544,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}