{"id":"W2294905891","doi":"10.1145/2046684.2046703","title":"Categorizing CAPTCHA","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"User Authentication and Security Systems","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"CAPTCHA; Computer science; Turing test; Categorization; Object (grammar); The Internet; Human–computer interaction; Character (mathematics); User interface; Information retrieval; Artificial intelligence; World Wide Web; Programming language","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002019452,0.001133394,0.000590171,0.006241803,0.001637403,0.003443609,0.001642714,0.00199504,0.008535106],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01626864,0.0003617349,0.0007538541,0.003103483,0.002761966,0.004607135,0.002328255,0.001254196,0.003198181],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001394237,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001121976,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002559921,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001512323,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9950832,0.00119982,0.0003976919,0.001078798,0.001829183,0.0004112423],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9873081,0.004482314,0.0007414597,0.002413548,0.004806652,0.0002479416],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005796473,0.0001428827,0.008045571,0.001196589,0.00007518406,0.0006327909,0.006932172,0.007022888,0.03010161,0.1169115,0.01992662,0.8084325],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009306823,0.0009183482,0.02117879,0.001428496,0.0002426447,0.005233172,0.01315262,0.1790493,0.1109428,0.2088303,0.4584474,0.0004829516],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1017782,0.002453485,0.7671146,0.000830885,0.001177378,0.001671018,0.001329237,0.003830245,0.1198149],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5959346,0.001387055,0.3708457,0.0009070444,0.0003855312,0.001342734,0.003397886,0.0007259106,0.02507356],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.008535106,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02855283,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0647230131529379,"score_gpt":0.2113330160088829,"score_spread":0.146610002855945,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}