{"id":"W2296031103","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5b01716","title":"Analysis of Soot Formed during the Pyrolysis of Athabasca Oil Sand Asphaltenes","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energy & Fuels","topic":"Petroleum Processing and Analysis","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Nexen (Canada); University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Asphaltene; Soot; Pyrolysis; Char; Oil sands; Particle size; Syngas; Chemical engineering; tar (computing); Particle (ecology); Agglomerate; Residence time (fluid dynamics); Tube furnace; Combustion; Materials science; Chemistry; Mineralogy; Asphalt; Organic chemistry; Hydrogen; Composite material; Geology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008749107,0.0002602219,0.000160276,0.0007359238,0.0003000114,0.0001878408,0.0001445456,0.0001711993,0.0005708509],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009433407,0.0001220137,0.0002331363,0.0004876734,0.0001545177,0.0002036818,0.0001115888,0.0002159202,0.0001095568],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001780788,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001101061,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003714103,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006017287,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999242,0.000005570839,0.000004958182,0.00001611973,0.00003348154,0.00001558306],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999262,0.00001251948,0.00001951388,0.000004316553,0.00002382848,0.00001361818],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008875238,0.0000117429,0.001915642,0.00004084368,0.00000528528,0.00009904709,0.00005711097,0.0001151848,0.9966917,0.00002616946,0.00001021405,0.0009382527],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000426843,0.0001576326,0.08822916,0.00001085064,0.00002641803,0.0002048187,0.000313211,0.002121367,0.9079603,0.00004251925,0.000913393,0.00001613469],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986533,0.0001163396,0.0005260387,0.000003805366,0.00000222148,0.000009079317,0.0002883469,0.000009749125,0.000391083],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974678,0.0002590303,0.001125893,0.00000902725,0.000001943671,0.00001590902,0.0003229921,0.00000901248,0.0007885307],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9962859,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007385015,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01311350932099744,"score_gpt":0.2350319007410286,"score_spread":0.2219183914200312,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}