{"id":"W2309039982","doi":"10.1002/rrq.139","title":"First‐Language Longitudinal Predictors of Second‐Language Literacy in Young L2 Learners","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Reading Research Quarterly","topic":"Reading and Literacy Development","field":"Psychology","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Fluency; Phonological awareness; Psychology; Reading (process); Literacy; Longitudinal study; Cognition; Linguistics; Rhyme; Phonemic awareness; Learning to read; Word recognition; Metalinguistics; Developmental psychology; Vocabulary development; Mathematics education; Pedagogy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002722217,0.0002653682,0.0004293401,0.001207042,0.0001294124,0.0001041923,0.0005789167,0.0001925258,0.002714596],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002799173,0.0001973537,0.0001254134,0.000846336,0.0002764161,0.0004162795,0.00005785154,0.0005689941,0.000654325],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000322102,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001026263,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001534478,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005371681,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9959648,0.0005955698,0.0007337403,0.0007446818,0.0007783094,0.001182869],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9973733,0.001227892,0.0001509187,0.0008173306,0.0001704497,0.0002601093],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003734542,0.0003333476,0.5259075,0.0002018694,0.0001729465,0.0006846061,0.351234,7.730451e-7,0.02155586,0.001429005,0.004585875,0.09352085],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003585105,0.001998428,0.9472728,0.002258859,0.00001723051,0.0001948308,0.0349224,0.00004378709,0.002865759,0.0004558975,0.005669477,0.0007154098],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9816698,0.0004721924,0.0001140524,0.0002926016,0.0005348588,0.000372604,0.00003893876,0.00008269989,0.01642229],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9664809,0.00001683857,0.0001941287,0.00001096815,0.0002258834,0.0001129311,0.00001541771,0.00005128486,0.03289171],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4213654,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9981971,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02746109466916409,"score_gpt":0.3755733998113228,"score_spread":0.3481123051421587,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}