{"id":"W2312934586","doi":"10.1021/ef500428y","title":"Advances in Understanding Wettability of Gas Shales","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energy & Fuels","topic":"Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis","field":"Engineering","cited_by":212,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Natural Resources; University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Imbibition; Oil shale; Wetting; Lamination; Salt (chemistry); Geology; Contact angle; Mineralogy; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Composite material; Organic chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001357978,0.00007244205,0.0001580531,0.0001108546,0.00001574057,0.000006600616,0.00007985235,0.00003960487,0.00007463831],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000253927,0.00006623168,0.00005088315,0.0002372209,0.00003128533,0.0001453505,0.00001116226,0.00004715938,0.00000285478],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005159259,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004738906,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003580589,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001115557,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994574,0.00003616164,0.0001889234,0.00009583746,0.0001056643,0.0001160317],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997336,0.00005239178,0.00002116922,0.0001472417,0.000009641079,0.00003593235],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001786838,0.00008678679,0.01096705,0.0002606981,0.00006975508,0.000003943473,0.0008841105,0.8008829,0.0454114,0.1134931,0.0001521098,0.0277702],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00138215,0.0001147407,0.00173727,0.0002013775,0.00005258711,0.000002219405,0.001736157,0.4880614,0.229963,0.1840469,0.09181085,0.0008914167],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5521097,0.002641599,0.3224755,0.0002128046,0.0002512691,0.00004301471,0.000003358697,0.0002009711,0.1220617],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990442,0.0007421607,0.0001075577,0.00001451634,0.00003289937,0.000005050579,0.000005293601,0.000009569992,0.00003870628],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4469345,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2700849,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01582610302395088,"score_gpt":0.2242639097904845,"score_spread":0.2084378067665336,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}