{"id":"W2312934586","doi":"10.1021/ef500428y","title":"Advances in Understanding Wettability of Gas Shales","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energy & Fuels","topic":"Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis","field":"Engineering","cited_by":212,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Natural Resources; University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Imbibition; Oil shale; Wetting; Lamination; Salt (chemistry); Geology; Contact angle; Mineralogy; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Composite material; Organic chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000770505,0.000584702,0.000534432,0.001628226,0.000279253,0.0007720227,0.0005783852,0.0004980217,0.002123783],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001017892,0.0003512606,0.000345912,0.0009062163,0.0004935996,0.001921705,0.0006150382,0.0007186069,0.0004154318],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005537025,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003637197,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004227326,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004557532,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997194,0.00003049873,0.00001827195,0.00009479217,0.0001075559,0.00002946132],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992902,0.000261587,0.0001576265,0.00007821742,0.0001753153,0.00003703789],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001665864,0.0001357756,0.0468245,0.00306891,0.0001649688,0.0002825464,0.0007811676,0.01155984,0.7745349,0.005028917,0.0005378014,0.1569141],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001024362,0.0004780521,0.2632641,0.0003871838,0.0001496141,0.0009387394,0.001136933,0.09783212,0.5743713,0.01415138,0.04710611,0.0001742015],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7886297,0.1001195,0.09960823,0.0007804336,0.00007473063,0.000077012,0.001662629,0.0003130989,0.008734547],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9333112,0.03765048,0.02650843,0.0001306824,0.0001377651,0.00005608714,0.0007586321,0.00005293381,0.001393895],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004227326,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008405447,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01582610302395088,"score_gpt":0.2242639097904845,"score_spread":0.2084378067665336,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}