{"id":"W2313960894","doi":"10.1021/ef300904a","title":"Possible Role of Asphaltenes in the Stabilization of Water-in-Crude Oil Emulsions","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energy & Fuels","topic":"Petroleum Processing and Analysis","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":124,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada; University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Asphaltene; Emulsion; Chemical engineering; Pulmonary surfactant; Steric effects; Amphiphile; Rheology; Oil droplet; Materials science; Crude oil; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Chromatography; Petroleum engineering; Composite material; Copolymer; Geology; Polymer","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002636955,0.0004270102,0.0002496332,0.0003840564,0.0003026327,0.0004486422,0.0003907556,0.000567802,0.001354835],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004033035,0.000139936,0.000201365,0.0001236942,0.0002854159,0.0007804225,0.0003273193,0.0002055998,0.0004588333],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000171573,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001627896,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003239262,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002559696,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998947,0.00001963859,0.000006537122,0.00002549717,0.00001736221,0.00003612803],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998429,0.00004454497,0.00003889997,0.000009992664,0.00003018349,0.00003358111],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005014,0.0001332763,0.0022168,0.000489313,0.00003695063,0.001410887,0.0001459249,0.001527711,0.9736051,0.008308393,0.0002057948,0.01141853],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002889185,0.0004153691,0.003090343,0.00002743174,0.00004074008,0.0004223227,0.0001262028,0.007309427,0.9795676,0.00351857,0.005434617,0.00001848],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9700509,0.0100101,0.01342947,0.0003185458,0.00008582624,0.0000814047,0.0001690573,0.0001000376,0.005754693],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9943224,0.001781659,0.001755685,0.00003307796,0.00002035278,0.00001204458,0.00005829998,0.00000778849,0.002008708],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001354835,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004532397,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.009856940501851362,"score_gpt":0.2337482768403504,"score_spread":0.223891336338499,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}