{"id":"W2314606681","doi":"10.1093/bjc/azs053","title":"Private Security and Armed Conflict: A Case Study of the Scorpions during the Mass Killings in Former Yugoslavia","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The British Journal of Criminology","topic":"Wildlife Conservation and Criminology Analyses","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Genocide; Normative; Politics; Political science; Criminology; Humanity; Crimes against humanity; Element (criminal law); Armed conflict; Political economy; Power (physics); Sociology; Law; International law; War crime","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006708106,0.0000921011,0.000208528,0.00004287467,0.0005056989,0.0000292198,0.0003757442,0.00006667187,0.0001218198],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000170675,0.0000546599,0.00006282789,0.0001313271,0.0007909772,0.0001960674,0.0001960521,0.0004724314,0.000003508628],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003391002,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001233436,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001498017,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001215872,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986546,0.0003919752,0.000429501,0.00009586467,0.000166586,0.0002614422],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991867,0.0001845899,0.0003542521,0.0001978697,0.00002438747,0.00005221864],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005289479,0.0003660585,0.9764258,0.0000117596,0.00008014018,0.0005515389,0.01810481,0.00007138613,0.002178944,0.0002337769,0.0001853667,0.001737542],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000892167,0.00008626628,0.9557214,0.00002921527,0.0001418561,0.03097993,0.009852347,0.00002483287,0.0004839184,0.001288727,0.0004245136,0.00007477339],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9979114,0.0005463654,0.00001230555,0.001031624,0.0001237556,0.0002010757,0.000001619387,0.000003535538,0.0001683086],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991917,0.0001593946,0.00002321487,0.000519977,0.00003377909,0.000005874394,9.647528e-8,0.000006130579,0.00005980934],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03042839,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3889478,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04711568440564142,"score_gpt":0.2750717018822217,"score_spread":0.2279560174765803,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}