{"id":"W2315082133","doi":"10.1061/9780784413142.118","title":"Structural Design Equations for Bell and Spigot Joints in Culverts under Vehicle Load","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Geotechnical Engineering and Underground Structures","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Dalhousie University","keywords":"Culvert; Stiffness; Structural engineering; Joint (building); Kinematics; Rotation (mathematics); Shear (geology); Shear force; Geotechnical engineering; Engineering; Geology; Mathematics; Physics; Geometry; Classical mechanics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007581844,0.0005719641,0.0004778523,0.0005764315,0.0003365423,0.0007359178,0.0007792577,0.0008916746,0.004471202],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001439127,0.000676674,0.0004743772,0.0003491795,0.0005226775,0.0006368282,0.0004024382,0.0006439519,0.0013013],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001249949,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009923053,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00892364,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0178712,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999459,0.0001078955,0.00003805435,0.0001183656,0.0002409062,0.00003590151],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994399,0.0001763217,0.0001021697,0.00003898254,0.0002320279,0.00001053789],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002876001,0.00002027718,0.003468564,0.0001156984,0.000009167643,0.000112127,0.0004258933,0.8696792,0.01356869,0.03259098,0.001374983,0.07860563],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002493601,0.00006734508,0.002938403,0.00004105717,0.00002040191,0.0001323332,0.0001210202,0.972996,0.004374022,0.007430414,0.01182709,0.00002700052],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.01833605,0.0001115056,0.9753911,0.00008891146,0.00001592768,0.00005546707,0.0002428798,0.0001928147,0.005565293],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6038916,0.0009872403,0.3565682,0.0001115157,0.00003094178,0.0005459184,0.000836843,0.0002083476,0.0368193],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00892364,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01774341,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01872784844152766,"score_gpt":0.2127116120933395,"score_spread":0.1939837636518118,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}