{"id":"W2316526341","doi":"10.1021/ef2002603","title":"Ash Deposition in Co-firing Three-Fuel Blends Consisting of Woody Biomass, Peat, and Lignite in a Pilot-Scale Fluidized-Bed Reactor","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energy & Fuels","topic":"Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes","field":"Engineering","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada; Lakehead University; Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Peat; Combustion; Deposition (geology); Coal; Fly ash; Fluidized bed; Biomass (ecology); Carbon fibers; Mineralogy; Materials science; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental chemistry; Waste management; Geology; Composite material; Organic chemistry; Composite number","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001359793,0.0002011169,0.0002969194,0.0002650304,0.0000179061,0.00001542922,0.0001392791,0.0001226914,0.00005910642],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003860569,0.0002175062,0.00003685277,0.0003630951,0.00007270154,0.00019104,0.00006114502,0.0001130724,0.00000416356],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005840607,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002327757,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004391828,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006713691,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988895,0.0000299176,0.0003983476,0.0002599547,0.000135729,0.0002865633],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995064,0.0001116876,0.00007141996,0.0001878797,0.00003696467,0.00008563196],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005730261,0.00005148213,0.008040319,0.0002149605,0.00002338379,0.0000226146,0.0004144018,8.212825e-7,0.9879206,0.0001137902,0.00001681014,0.003123559],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007948189,0.00006049202,0.002463604,0.0002133249,0.00001398807,0.000009336003,0.00008177673,0.00006256151,0.9952983,0.0007360909,0.00003952277,0.0002262048],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9935484,0.002071866,0.0001404403,0.00001015178,0.00007842054,0.00006580885,0.000009704703,0.0001413531,0.003933876],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988127,0.0001426388,0.0009154903,0.00001925369,0.00002492867,0.00002339064,0.00001594183,0.00003757406,0.000008096832],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007377724,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8869646,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01722479294340965,"score_gpt":0.2074393841922953,"score_spread":0.1902145912488857,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}