{"id":"W2317350211","doi":"10.1021/es1038276","title":"<sup>34</sup>S/<sup>32</sup>S Fractionation during Sulfate Reduction in Groundwater Treatment Systems: Reactive Transport Modeling","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science & Technology","topic":"Mine drainage and remediation techniques","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Sulfate; Chemistry; Fractionation; Dissolution; Isotope fractionation; Environmental chemistry; Chromatography","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004732521,0.0003351828,0.0002878883,0.0007502334,0.0004676369,0.00002778084,0.0004958712,0.000294526,0.0006951991],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001616993,0.0003014397,0.00007619049,0.001001467,0.001115752,0.001455483,0.0001701934,0.0003065754,0.0002775624],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0030747,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002453243,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001693882,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003834301,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9971153,0.00005531282,0.0005417451,0.0009973386,0.0006121707,0.0006780935],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999183,0.000009827795,0.0001781705,0.0004945493,0.000007561051,0.0001268738],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001884732,0.002133768,0.09377801,0.00002435894,0.00004584359,0.0001700568,0.01653957,0.1608229,0.7122545,0.0006780096,0.00002183928,0.01334267],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002571824,0.001342034,0.04229615,0.0001185083,0.0001048506,0.0007445722,0.03252715,0.2403475,0.6714984,0.004120453,0.002467697,0.001860883],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9934919,0.00005578341,0.001970715,0.0001656187,0.00008100511,0.0007579495,0.000007995443,0.0002746679,0.003194403],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997731,0.0002083934,0.001114551,0.00001471357,0.00004374607,0.0002820389,0.00002533934,0.00002872686,0.0005515438],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07952461,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999438,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01227981852463641,"score_gpt":0.2100843115493872,"score_spread":0.1978044930247508,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}