{"id":"W2321200367","doi":"10.2514/6.2014-0652","title":"Soot Formation in Laminar Diffusion Flames of Diluted Ethylene in Air at Pressures up to 20 ATM","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"52nd Aerospace Sciences Meeting","topic":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Soot; Laminar flow; Diffusion flame; Diffusion; Materials science; Ethylene; Chemical engineering; Combustion; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Organic chemistry; Combustor","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000549834,0.0001491243,0.000231256,0.0002486927,0.00008206087,0.000009328038,0.0003718075,0.00009431309,0.000005970498],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001328957,0.0001349321,0.00003058874,0.0009297378,0.0001156988,0.0003042467,0.0002962146,0.0001682988,0.00000684465],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001059594,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007235561,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006854758,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002983501,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986616,0.00003594144,0.0003264725,0.0002899562,0.0003216853,0.0003643775],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993447,0.0002386502,0.000130361,0.0002047201,0.0000388236,0.00004274608],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008044389,0.00001087752,0.004035936,0.00004312418,7.605645e-7,5.292158e-7,0.0008135091,0.4802867,0.5129797,0.0004669521,0.00002898809,0.001324816],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003884243,0.00007419194,0.004498812,0.0004365628,0.000002593122,0.000001685082,0.001234777,0.3502603,0.6421735,0.0003454248,0.0003672316,0.0002165741],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9834864,0.0001104448,0.01437727,0.0007407767,0.000103742,0.0001619624,0.000001573661,0.0002056885,0.0008121222],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9886988,0.00001682443,0.01095817,0.00002232625,0.0000171464,0.00002137563,0.000001918532,0.00001086072,0.0002525809],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1300264,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5502372,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01213288719624045,"score_gpt":0.2513045922797041,"score_spread":0.2391717050834636,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}