{"id":"W2322644632","doi":"10.1115/ht2008-56151","title":"A Numerical Investigation on Soot Formation From Laminar Diffusion Flames of Ethylene/Methane Mixture","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University; National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Soot; Methane; Chemistry; Propane; Acetylene; Diffusion flame; Diffusion; Laminar flow; Ethylene; Carbon fibers; Ethylene glycol; Naphthalene; Thermodynamics; Materials science; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Organic chemistry; Combustion","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003494123,0.0005322286,0.0005374646,0.0005476084,0.0006903414,0.0004561539,0.0005825937,0.0009330062,0.0007606539],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009606082,0.0002778645,0.0005771473,0.0005267875,0.0005923061,0.000394614,0.0003777188,0.0003713284,0.00005080187],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006600237,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004174134,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00574712,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002252727,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998915,0.00002149789,0.000006951359,0.00001706981,0.0000381937,0.00002481345],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994023,0.0003423858,0.0001105481,0.00003152993,0.00007884522,0.00003433568],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002489675,0.0000933087,0.007100986,0.0001873563,0.00003282261,0.0004412924,0.0001390619,0.9507397,0.03494257,0.002525916,0.0001203061,0.003427789],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001339929,0.000046645,0.0008888827,0.000004691998,0.000005856809,0.00002822328,0.00002318897,0.9949046,0.003793015,0.0001716403,0.0001122001,0.000007621401],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9773611,0.0002617025,0.01782859,0.0001324863,0.00002377423,0.00004624481,0.0001937128,0.0001308698,0.004021586],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9916995,0.0001004013,0.007485261,0.000012826,0.000003986548,0.0000298011,0.00009120692,0.00001256963,0.0005644998],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00574712,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01142734,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0220973815866066,"score_gpt":0.2227203165782053,"score_spread":0.2006229349915987,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}