{"id":"W2323126692","doi":"10.1021/ef100931v","title":"Sintering and Formation of a Nonporous Carbonate Shell at the Surface of CaO-Based Sorbent Particles during CO<sub>2</sub>-Capture Cycles","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energy & Fuels","topic":"Chemical Looping and Thermochemical Processes","field":"Engineering","cited_by":58,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Sorbent; Carbonation; Particle (ecology); Sintering; Scanning electron microscope; Chemical engineering; Calcination; Mineralogy; Materials science; Carbonate; Calcite; Porosity; Calcium carbonate; Particle size; Thermogravimetric analysis; Vaterite; Chemistry; Composite material; Adsorption; Metallurgy; Geology; Aragonite; Organic chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005840652,0.0001204284,0.0001593117,0.00001902919,0.0000407216,0.00001099595,0.00009321708,0.00007539555,0.000008954828],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002334929,0.00009452346,0.00004552791,0.0000668092,0.00008879494,0.00006027873,0.00003749491,0.00009676764,8.837472e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001985587,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006656852,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005199674,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001106021,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993882,0.000009065362,0.0002204479,0.0001062957,0.0001165565,0.0001594656],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996095,0.00008758824,0.00006281876,0.0001589828,0.00003207824,0.00004908074],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002031591,0.00001316097,0.0001151664,0.0002866174,0.00001526798,9.913329e-7,0.0002043349,0.006470775,0.9920945,0.00003831105,0.000008113163,0.0007324815],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002247388,0.000007332153,0.0002085327,0.00007195888,0.00001384541,0.000005411564,0.000033733,0.006706201,0.9923714,0.0002027226,0.00005066171,0.0001034348],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9985139,0.0007078825,0.0001487504,0.00003783327,0.00005413981,0.0000345408,0.00001097285,0.00007002911,0.0004219211],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997842,0.00007132213,0.00006844987,0.00001171874,0.00002435173,0.000004706431,0.000007742123,0.00002069475,0.000006773533],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00127031,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3854555,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.004759238877436497,"score_gpt":0.1841784529961511,"score_spread":0.1794192141187146,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}