{"id":"W2323586079","doi":"10.1155/2001/941219","title":"Underdiagnosis of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Rationale for Spirometry as a Screening Tool","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Canadian Respiratory Journal","topic":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research","field":"Medicine","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Spirometry; Medicine; COPD; Gold standard (test); Pulmonary disease; Intensive care medicine; Population; Disease; Quality of life (healthcare); Physical therapy; Internal medicine; Asthma; Environmental health","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.03539717,0.001255095,0.00469422,0.006381702,0.001333266,0.004237887,0.004734906,0.007040509,0.001402683],"category_scores_gemma":[0.04255826,0.0006994482,0.001288531,0.006158141,0.008814037,0.007099006,0.001758739,0.008099712,0.001065287],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00558228,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.007714014,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003988045,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006116954,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9798967,0.01091412,0.002539135,0.001318341,0.005017005,0.0003147563],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9276335,0.05780075,0.003414018,0.001076119,0.009221242,0.0008544137],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003468862,0.0001640989,0.002640586,0.04962662,0.0004711196,0.001446511,0.001053802,0.0005898831,0.001298964,0.07266781,0.05104015,0.8186536],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002324965,0.0006011518,0.006100761,0.07882806,0.001050896,0.009088391,0.001713708,0.001163101,0.0009499696,0.07099552,0.8290284,0.0002475921],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001452792,0.9832804,0.0006410292,0.01366235,0.001648248,0.00001880812,0.000006076175,0.000005556712,0.00059231],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.005715036,0.9749919,0.003560659,0.0116862,0.003445104,0.00006935876,0.0000153177,0.00000753307,0.0005088748],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03539717,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1872004,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.07241201222318958,"score_gpt":0.3493978693597599,"score_spread":0.2769858571365703,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}