{"id":"W2324085006","doi":"10.1007/s10494-015-9696-z","title":"RANS Simulations of a Series of Turbulent V-Shaped Flames using Conditional Source-term Estimation","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Flow Turbulence and Combustion","topic":"Combustion and flame dynamics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations; Turbulence; Scalar (mathematics); Mechanics; Computational fluid dynamics; Premixed flame; Series (stratigraphy); Statistical physics; Mathematics; Combustion; Applied mathematics; Physics; Chemistry; Geometry; Combustor; Geology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006163985,0.0007695517,0.0006646728,0.0006581621,0.001083704,0.000909471,0.001243442,0.001662922,0.001902135],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00232066,0.0005238281,0.001000026,0.0007658417,0.0009815295,0.0007522223,0.0007510912,0.001248435,0.0002280026],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001201461,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001407859,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03746438,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02344629,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997795,0.00004037032,0.00001784857,0.00004212687,0.00005805902,0.00006211465],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989146,0.0004562499,0.0001404097,0.00009683454,0.0002560662,0.0001358587],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001535736,0.00008956439,0.002120232,0.00001986382,0.00002391574,0.00008658985,0.00004745759,0.9918643,0.001234407,0.001992749,0.0004340498,0.001933386],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000750661,0.000009961366,0.0002756497,0.000001947835,0.000001921759,0.000004894567,0.000011318,0.9992182,0.0003134675,0.0001062542,0.00004457228,0.000004244949],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9625309,0.0002101589,0.02851387,0.0002857348,0.0001496318,0.00005025898,0.0009876769,0.0005838531,0.006687857],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9879938,0.00005139593,0.01002611,0.00003844484,0.00001210429,0.0000222926,0.0006625997,0.00006595053,0.001127202],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03746438,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.07449263,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01091490114562253,"score_gpt":0.2179982627420339,"score_spread":0.2070833615964114,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}