{"id":"W2325284411","doi":"10.1049/iet-pel.2015.0012","title":"Real‐time simulation of modular multilevel converters for controller hardware‐in‐the‐loop testing","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IET Power Electronics","topic":"Real-time simulation and control systems","field":"Engineering","cited_by":56,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"The Wilson Centre; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Modular design; Converters; Hardware-in-the-loop simulation; Controller (irrigation); Loop (graph theory); Computer science; Computer hardware; Embedded system; Engineering; Electrical engineering; Mathematics; Operating system; Voltage","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006026651,0.0001806541,0.0003412542,0.00008938527,0.00003116454,0.00003839597,0.0001834986,0.0001112606,0.000008173258],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002102583,0.0001574038,0.00009449915,0.0001780767,0.00001812036,0.0001611754,0.000007453225,0.0001248872,0.00002134869],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001529478,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007707447,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003631317,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006278669,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986573,0.00006383282,0.000457856,0.0001745504,0.0002553937,0.0003911043],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989011,0.0004732036,0.00009966184,0.0002368262,0.0002245035,0.00006465826],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007639021,0.00002818208,0.0001823555,0.00002514197,0.00005380521,8.98531e-7,0.0005369766,0.9821684,0.01426144,0.0002532047,0.0004347821,0.001978439],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003079794,0.0001501147,0.0004215306,0.00002189596,0.00002299957,0.000001981333,0.00006634377,0.9919206,0.0003303454,0.0003189216,0.003499114,0.0001663396],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7784706,0.001535801,0.2004295,0.0002046389,0.0007098287,0.00410487,0.00006534747,0.0006840546,0.01379537],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992819,0.000005485511,0.0002946293,0.00004491685,0.00005443144,0.00006130137,0.00002003199,0.00004268386,0.0001945567],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2208114,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6418741,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02338156588922295,"score_gpt":0.2528021286195749,"score_spread":0.2294205627303519,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}