{"id":"W2326043223","doi":"10.1021/ef300657d","title":"Fuel Property Effects on the Combustion Performance and Emissions of Hardwood-Derived Fast Pyrolysis Liquid-Ethanol Blends in a Swirl Burner","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energy & Fuels","topic":"Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes","field":"Engineering","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Combustor; Combustion; Pyrolysis; Ethanol; Environmental science; Waste management; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Organic chemistry; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003309522,0.0003493791,0.0004222592,0.0002963685,0.0002284036,0.000449698,0.0003317318,0.0002494943,0.000804056],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003899762,0.0002391422,0.0003262289,0.0003323621,0.0001788749,0.0004707669,0.000207896,0.0003700647,0.0002056342],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003578806,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001631474,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001338303,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001953379,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998098,0.00001916885,0.00001794746,0.00004050606,0.00008031244,0.00003220155],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997616,0.00008556323,0.00006354646,0.00001500374,0.00004823547,0.00002605781],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008401898,0.0001658069,0.001658391,0.00006175011,0.00001769107,0.00005377268,0.00004400156,0.001142824,0.9928207,0.00002080095,0.00001832245,0.003155764],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002097066,0.0007587946,0.007788321,0.000003173717,0.00002706016,0.00001836506,0.00002754281,0.003319146,0.9879212,0.000009827185,0.0000973542,0.000008297217],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9995841,0.00008902651,0.0001931677,0.000004436386,0.00000225238,0.000003251542,0.00003046562,0.00001204529,0.00008113658],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990897,0.000118317,0.0003662801,0.000006871971,0.000001211413,0.0000048684,0.00005924814,0.00001169226,0.0003417766],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001338303,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002689898,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.008299675610745553,"score_gpt":0.1911898386932305,"score_spread":0.1828901630824849,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}