{"id":"W2327738360","doi":"10.1021/es102273t","title":"Patterns of Iron Use in Societal Evolution","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science & Technology","topic":"Heavy metals in environment","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":196,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Science Foundation","keywords":"Environmental science; Business; Environmental planning","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006377143,0.000177616,0.0002020682,0.0009340107,0.0003819311,0.001061976,0.0004327284,0.0006567254,0.002044778],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003244057,0.0001935975,0.0005144834,0.00101791,0.0004807154,0.0009523646,0.0006870469,0.0003089416,0.0001725921],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001476659,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003594912,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02012527,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02011038,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997687,0.0001049245,0.000009922886,0.00004310354,0.0000205243,0.00005292006],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991924,0.0003875991,0.0001673512,0.00006832092,0.0001121243,0.00007224845],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002035318,0.00008953286,0.6474557,0.00004067783,0.0002584211,0.0004234675,0.0012877,0.3142831,0.001793976,0.017479,0.0006472219,0.01603769],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002266803,0.0001236543,0.3803937,0.00001588767,0.0000475371,0.0002317921,0.001861713,0.6047537,0.0003478096,0.009401474,0.002752515,0.00004752767],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9970913,0.00002799067,0.0010993,0.0001235367,0.000001093816,0.00000754489,0.0001960759,0.000007848012,0.001445333],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998901,0.00002281924,0.0004894531,0.000008074242,5.798775e-7,0.000007164121,0.0001273138,0.000002619811,0.0004408851],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02012527,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04001623,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.006528901000220775,"score_gpt":0.2224321054354355,"score_spread":0.2159032044352148,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}