{"id":"W2328653804","doi":"10.1021/la304490e","title":"Measurement of Interactions between Solid Particles, Liquid Droplets, and/or Gas Bubbles in a Liquid using an Integrated Thin Film Drainage Apparatus","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Langmuir","topic":"Minerals Flotation and Separation Techniques","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":90,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Bubble; Capillary action; Mechanics; Materials science; Particle (ecology); Air bubble; Range (aeronautics); Chemistry; Composite material; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003225666,0.0003932722,0.0003429556,0.0005824002,0.0001971561,0.0002673375,0.0004429481,0.0003908782,0.0004360051],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005287202,0.0001793094,0.0001514069,0.0002633272,0.0002381434,0.0004204816,0.0002842119,0.0003325542,0.00009531734],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002602338,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000193236,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006086949,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006647931,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997509,0.00003396333,0.00001980546,0.00007098494,0.0001013464,0.00002304858],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997502,0.00009036072,0.00006404028,0.00001513493,0.00005175241,0.00002852501],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001079417,0.00001293043,0.0002373547,0.00001861698,0.0000021976,0.00002093371,0.00001080861,0.00004272252,0.9973438,0.00003163902,0.0000098379,0.002258369],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001015413,0.0001525083,0.002682829,0.000003547449,0.00001599149,0.0001486981,0.00002035335,0.005407247,0.990765,0.00002250255,0.0007622197,0.00000904182],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8748098,0.001349445,0.1222875,0.00009411061,0.00004399968,0.0001068386,0.000266745,0.0003620144,0.0006795526],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8601905,0.0009500463,0.1365403,0.00007963202,0.00002530347,0.0002326992,0.0002708952,0.0000336413,0.001677015],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0006086949,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.001888156,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05194303677575634,"score_gpt":0.3052659531538006,"score_spread":0.2533229163780443,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}