{"id":"W2328940675","doi":"10.1215/00318108-2366537","title":"Laws and Lawmakers: Science, Metaphysics, and the Laws of Nature","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Philosophical Review","topic":"Legal Education and Practice Innovations","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Metaphysics; Law; Political science; Philosophy; Law and economics; Epistemology; Sociology","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002893096,0.0000622397,0.0001751881,0.00002078788,0.0006132053,0.0001326102,0.0003079196,0.00004186763,0.0001600019],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002761573,0.00002913815,0.00003923361,0.0008304307,0.003377001,0.0004847055,0.00006863561,0.0004340074,0.00002499964],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000009499792,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001984364,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006652591,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003329547,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988937,0.0003280191,0.0001882368,0.0001237078,0.0003401526,0.0001261758],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985048,0.0007839072,0.0001357419,0.0002308023,0.000276999,0.00006772602],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001501383,0.00001603224,0.00001040727,0.00004638448,0.000007446619,2.614125e-8,0.0008160541,1.06978e-8,0.00000812531,0.9925982,0.0008221574,0.005673601],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001072223,0.00000594417,0.0002972913,0.0001256393,0.00005541912,0.000001190927,0.0002225114,0.000004379282,0.000004462585,0.7837602,0.2153714,0.000044426],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.002186108,0.02871575,0.000002130897,0.9075646,0.00009324218,0.0005258037,0.000001943121,0.000009868207,0.0609006],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9401871,0.03755846,0.00008262978,0.02176299,0.0001913654,0.00004088591,6.071436e-7,0.000003283806,0.0001727082],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.938001,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993352,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02977344866634638,"score_gpt":0.3882685647151263,"score_spread":0.3584951160487799,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}