{"id":"W2330507460","doi":"10.1080/02619288.2016.1165008","title":"Invisible immigrants: the English in Canada since 1945","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Immigrants & Minorities","topic":"Multilingual Education and Policy","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Immigration; Sociology; History; Political science; Gender studies; Law","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001116418,0.0002941467,0.0004762051,0.001851154,0.01737379,0.005617399,0.00158899,0.00152806,0.006256165],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003310197,0.0002153121,0.0003686156,0.004929707,0.005062275,0.002152328,0.003679573,0.003166471,0.000426496],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.08782723,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.1816525,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9983501,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9994175,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978719,0.00008718827,0.00005199635,0.0001213368,0.0005268079,0.001340749],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9958025,0.0001664407,0.0003225489,0.00003626298,0.001700073,0.001972338],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003713813,0.0002176329,0.2906164,0.001208907,0.0001337658,0.002691234,0.2521707,0.0005223968,0.0007320741,0.05085824,0.2028936,0.1975836],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002273423,0.00004173541,0.4551088,0.00146869,0.0001099586,0.0004685791,0.1973901,0.0001693524,0.0002509619,0.0008687493,0.3439673,0.0001330151],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7374829,0.0714118,0.000217628,0.1093025,0.002352529,0.00007048024,0.004365169,0.0000406774,0.07475624],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9367508,0.02346424,0.0002069342,0.007051839,0.0002456507,0.00002429819,0.000752698,0.00002568587,0.0314778],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08782723,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6372341,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02693752278667332,"score_gpt":0.3335618040585372,"score_spread":0.3066242812718639,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}