{"id":"W2330507460","doi":"10.1080/02619288.2016.1165008","title":"Invisible immigrants: the English in Canada since 1945","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Immigrants & Minorities","topic":"Multilingual Education and Policy","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Immigration; Sociology; History; Political science; Gender studies; Law","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004637597,0.0001356335,0.0001667964,0.00008188137,0.0003754563,0.00006911523,0.000473269,0.00006009128,0.0003789566],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008364236,0.00008596163,0.00004816147,0.00032371,0.0003196865,0.0002371589,0.00002990151,0.0001175737,0.00004397501],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004261813,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002773089,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9979768,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9994349,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983425,0.0002250475,0.0002788791,0.0002066862,0.0004140396,0.00053286],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988039,0.0006041861,0.00007498926,0.0002567093,0.0001341402,0.0001261365],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000534904,0.0001159415,0.287255,0.00003879772,0.00003335705,0.00001998692,0.4151156,0.000002532615,0.0002532532,0.02701178,0.05659607,0.2135042],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000434679,0.000009007338,0.1009667,0.00009785828,0.000006480841,7.56259e-7,0.1261319,0.00000235319,0.0004041335,0.0004779858,0.7712299,0.0002382188],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9643285,0.0008023434,0.000001671995,0.0101376,0.00170207,0.0002174934,0.00005969908,0.00004139722,0.02270923],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9838537,0.0004522429,0.00001488631,0.001612187,0.0007206598,0.00002979078,0.000001610065,0.00001043233,0.01330448],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7146338,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.491934,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02693752278667332,"score_gpt":0.3335618040585372,"score_spread":0.3066242812718639,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}