{"id":"W2330759920","doi":"10.1515/gps-2014-0092","title":"The effect of TiO <sub>2</sub> surface modification on the photovoltaic properties of hybrid bulk heterojunction solar cells based on MEH-PPV/CdS/TiO <sub>2</sub> active layer","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Green Processing and Synthesis","topic":"Quantum Dots Synthesis And Properties","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal; Centre in Green Chemistry and Catalysis; Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Heterojunction; Photovoltaic system; Materials science; Active layer; Titanium dioxide; Layer (electronics); Optoelectronics; Surface modification; Titanium; Photovoltaic effect; Polymer solar cell; Chemical engineering; Energy conversion efficiency; Nanotechnology; Composite material; Metallurgy; Electrical engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002625066,0.0003925052,0.0005356281,0.0001065483,0.0008852768,0.0002160427,0.0003826814,0.0001126391,0.000006499582],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005848593,0.0002022965,0.0001469022,0.0001854215,0.0005146904,0.0002613375,0.00005257325,0.0001978852,0.00004318708],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005718196,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007547061,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001616471,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001965971,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9968712,0.0009799831,0.0005401342,0.0005549869,0.0006556042,0.0003981115],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.997103,0.001423177,0.0005847458,0.0006041776,0.0002115585,0.00007337116],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000953928,0.000085802,0.00005642775,0.0004167087,0.00002453652,3.763592e-7,0.0002945706,0.0009461471,0.9499853,0.00001059733,0.00004633769,0.04717925],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002381504,0.0005555933,0.0001714266,0.0007863442,0.0001169928,0.00000215566,0.0001077836,0.02772583,0.9699028,0.00006431605,0.00007556538,0.0002530355],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9981481,0.0002841852,0.0002762179,0.0003761281,0.0001596444,0.0005209583,0.00002708316,0.00006986703,0.0001377479],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995039,0.0001153123,0.00002561914,0.0000720301,0.00006851826,0.0001402232,0.000001973933,0.00005000852,0.00002239904],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04692622,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8249411,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01987957089033048,"score_gpt":0.2069042611366904,"score_spread":0.18702469024636,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}