{"id":"W2332831448","doi":"10.1142/9781860949531_0022","title":"THE SAMPLING BIAS OF HECKMAN'S SAMPLE BIAS ESTIMATOR","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Census and Population Estimation","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Sampling bias; Estimator; Statistics; Sampling (signal processing); Computer science; Sample (material); Econometrics; Mathematics; Sample size determination; Telecommunications; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.06431557,0.0004902303,0.001683255,0.002601334,0.001067529,0.002240258,0.002594573,0.001868328,0.005887797],"category_scores_gemma":[0.2877897,0.0007084568,0.001072612,0.004216142,0.002685552,0.003642185,0.001934776,0.002053916,0.0009070993],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00189483,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002495419,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005056174,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004199061,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9478496,0.03848046,0.00197379,0.003987764,0.006706814,0.001001642],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.7377117,0.2278231,0.008641925,0.01696758,0.008237588,0.0006181197],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001962742,0.00007294269,0.04200475,0.0005236086,0.000782721,0.0002511009,0.000994942,0.01309958,0.0005992528,0.7389261,0.0111014,0.1914472],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002259542,0.0001629251,0.02509808,0.0004180573,0.0007563191,0.001250101,0.0005502002,0.107893,0.002832695,0.8331934,0.02750989,0.0001094621],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.02999178,0.003510109,0.9535777,0.003273131,0.0004436313,0.000191111,0.0004253312,0.0002724974,0.008314674],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7126983,0.00399124,0.2658544,0.002445927,0.001246304,0.0006633483,0.000840975,0.0001997656,0.01205977],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06431557,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3401373,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.3519929630991769,"score_gpt":0.3751573259062099,"score_spread":0.02316436280703293,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}