{"id":"W2333709440","doi":"10.2118/179826-ms","title":"Nanoparticles as Foam Stabilizer for Steam-Foam Process","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SPE EOR Conference at Oil and Gas West Asia","topic":"Enhanced Oil Recovery Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Alberta Innovates; University of Calgary","funders":"Canada Research Chairs; Alberta Innovates - Technology Futures","keywords":"Materials science; Nanoparticle; Pulmonary surfactant; Foaming agent; Enhanced oil recovery; Chemical engineering; Adsorption; Brine; Stabilizer (aeronautics); Thermal stability; Dynamic light scattering; Composite material; Volume (thermodynamics); Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Porosity; Organic chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001257232,0.0002399342,0.0002489419,0.00005386584,0.00007597825,0.00005269194,0.0001771426,0.0001147587,0.0003558499],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001009666,0.0001768755,0.00005379866,0.00008338996,0.0001142352,0.000298666,0.00004654361,0.00007626119,0.0001264548],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006952752,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005038772,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009124181,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001842107,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988617,0.00001637808,0.0002395825,0.0003170691,0.0001508338,0.0004143793],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993276,0.0001198062,0.00004345426,0.0002482535,0.0001191148,0.0001417646],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001015951,0.00003880793,0.002008853,0.0003363044,0.0000415861,0.000006120995,0.0003651708,0.00001664925,0.3816466,0.003925738,0.000864806,0.6106477],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007939488,0.0002769833,0.001279022,0.0003099421,0.00003007802,0.00002049616,0.0001636236,0.0003579478,0.9399425,0.03205594,0.02425771,0.0005117954],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9743057,0.000326822,0.001235904,0.0007875994,0.0001971398,0.0001410182,0.00004151098,0.0006022337,0.02236209],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9930129,0.0009658058,0.001304156,0.00003873722,0.00007556233,0.0002093763,0.000005054441,0.00004905849,0.00433936],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.610136,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7212775,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01234139428144992,"score_gpt":0.245495588801186,"score_spread":0.2331541945197361,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}