{"id":"W2333739070","doi":"10.1139/cjp-2013-0073","title":"Space–time diagram approach in derivation of Lienard–Wiechert potential for a moving point charge","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Physics","topic":"Quantum and Classical Electrodynamics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Point particle; Scalar potential; Scalar (mathematics); Vector potential; Point (geometry); Classical mechanics; Magnetic monopole; Magnetic potential; Charge (physics); Electric charge; Quantum electrodynamics; Electric potential; Magnetic field; Quantum mechanics; Geometry; Voltage","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001292725,0.000111503,0.0002535649,0.00008405282,0.00004887293,0.00004026122,0.0001488538,0.00004253852,0.00008844375],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001350374,0.0001046761,0.0001684982,0.0001696071,0.00004282259,0.0002307346,0.000006741387,0.0001957093,0.00000716831],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008346568,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004924166,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002058669,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001093138,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991688,0.00002589333,0.0003060626,0.00009654392,0.00009902771,0.000303676],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992136,0.00002897991,0.0002500318,0.00009909702,0.0001826408,0.0002256076],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001018067,0.001251165,0.02831976,0.0002600771,0.0006672384,0.00001355964,0.00381436,0.01340664,0.1235235,0.5195426,0.01035308,0.2987461],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003247473,0.0006773292,0.01205788,0.0002095031,0.0001450473,0.000009513758,0.0009360254,0.7289832,0.01415815,0.2380862,0.0007244572,0.0007652203],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8438587,0.00003382941,0.1541196,0.0004367334,0.00009912007,0.0002681002,0.0000281198,0.000002599413,0.00115331],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979552,8.46233e-7,0.001478907,0.00003266618,0.0003847894,0.00001098317,0.00002041033,0.00001792686,0.00009827747],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7155766,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4268567,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.005721773100344193,"score_gpt":0.1946098067777942,"score_spread":0.18888803367745,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}