{"id":"W2335403288","doi":"10.1021/es402302z","title":"Direct Evaluation of in Situ Biodegradation in Athabasca Oil Sands Tailings Ponds Using Natural Abundance Radiocarbon","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science & Technology","topic":"Petroleum Processing and Analysis","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"GDG Environnement; Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique; Geological Survey of Canada","funders":"Natural Resources Canada; University of Georgia","keywords":"Oil sands; Tailings; Biodegradation; Geology; Radiocarbon dating; Environmental science; Abundance (ecology); Natural (archaeology); In situ; Environmental chemistry; Geochemistry; Mining engineering; Ecology; Archaeology; Chemistry; Paleontology; Geography","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001361525,0.0003887679,0.0001961879,0.0007479217,0.0006044765,0.000504879,0.0002414924,0.0002003406,0.0007079223],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002259177,0.000173992,0.0001614971,0.000577867,0.0003691681,0.0002657028,0.0003921317,0.0002074819,0.0001970781],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006656795,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000573437,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02778387,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.06896932,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998369,0.00001163935,0.00001170973,0.00005119515,0.00006099942,0.00002749818],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996849,0.00003319257,0.0001082746,0.00001448044,0.0001013261,0.00005783006],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002033126,0.00005603577,0.109313,0.00006626971,0.00002119594,0.0001598648,0.0003867936,0.0002381317,0.8834771,0.00004318124,0.00002413339,0.006011107],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000141354,0.0006142418,0.800379,0.00001048208,0.00005105891,0.0001533139,0.0008477126,0.001066642,0.1955173,0.00005842777,0.001270872,0.00001669518],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9990929,0.0000268172,0.0001293662,0.000004569573,9.403238e-7,0.000007594903,0.0002251752,0.00001122832,0.0005012928],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982829,0.00008209143,0.0006921196,0.00001301055,0.000002268929,0.00001735821,0.0002635171,0.000004364609,0.0006423993],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02778387,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05524433,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.008416089306846607,"score_gpt":0.2403786793096097,"score_spread":0.2319625900027631,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}