{"id":"W2336529945","doi":"10.1073/pnas.1520288113","title":"Population size does not explain past changes in cultural complexity","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","topic":"Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":162,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"British Columbia Knowledge Development Fund; Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs; Simon Fraser University; Canada Foundation for Innovation; Australian Research Council; Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; Government of Canada","keywords":"Archaeological record; Conservatism; Population; Holocene; Pleistocene; Ethnography; History; Sociocultural evolution; Relation (database); Archaeology; Geography; Anthropology; Demography; Genealogy; Sociology; Economic geography; Law; Political science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001796307,0.0002995809,0.0003655053,0.0007993144,0.0006542251,0.0009855016,0.0008112345,0.0005922932,0.003627101],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008318323,0.0002508647,0.0005308717,0.0006563315,0.001889609,0.0021476,0.0009400966,0.0009152889,0.0003686284],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007562455,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003679626,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00513624,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009673683,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995502,0.00009516339,0.00002998996,0.0001874053,0.00005534403,0.00008187895],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9959856,0.001609603,0.001147527,0.0007502919,0.0002055521,0.0003014372],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001289218,0.00005850463,0.9403715,0.0001124394,0.0003229142,0.000349227,0.001871831,0.007476794,0.001880254,0.01604595,0.0009775503,0.03040419],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001894844,0.00008257748,0.9653644,0.00004554625,0.0001234571,0.0003775839,0.0009450785,0.01219902,0.0003825043,0.0171847,0.003248809,0.00002750448],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9905117,0.0005911268,0.001860484,0.001184297,0.00002438444,0.000005476777,0.0001576557,0.00002342522,0.005641246],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993291,0.0001257449,0.0001690115,0.0000467934,0.00001927511,0.000002501659,0.00004799966,0.00000523501,0.0002543845],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00513624,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01213384,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.08569126143313827,"score_gpt":0.3500023785035402,"score_spread":0.2643111170704019,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}