{"id":"W2337315440","doi":"10.1080/09515089.2015.1065314","title":"Knowledge, certainty, and assertion","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Philosophical Psychology","topic":"Epistemology, Ethics, and Metaphysics","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; Ontario Ministry of Economic Development and Innovation","keywords":"Assertion; Certainty; Norm (philosophy); Psychology; Epistemology; Social psychology; Computer science; Philosophy","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.013237,0.0003022639,0.0004658554,0.001184781,0.002310997,0.005251809,0.0007942038,0.002301582,0.005748619],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0569325,0.0002883573,0.0003606449,0.0007160577,0.02341154,0.0106335,0.003951995,0.002545885,0.000369083],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0017904,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001629116,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001734002,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009175154,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9833414,0.01146703,0.0007537188,0.001160034,0.002599754,0.000678028],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9485093,0.03656411,0.005923351,0.004291139,0.003115951,0.001596222],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001883671,0.00008162206,0.006854078,0.0002318056,0.0000390805,0.000145891,0.01345426,0.0005496582,0.0008046203,0.9529665,0.0009968613,0.02368729],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000542275,0.0001191738,0.006797989,0.0002294645,0.00003272188,0.0001976692,0.006835099,0.001267992,0.0006549531,0.9695389,0.0142302,0.00004163016],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5289998,0.005074732,0.04323864,0.03986355,0.0005458433,0.00008883935,0.0001320939,0.00009652289,0.3819599],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959056,0.0003023075,0.002190448,0.0005729835,0.00006387364,0.00002073559,0.00001591315,0.0000092762,0.0009188563],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.013237,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.07000476,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1623042903670703,"score_gpt":0.3707350493079044,"score_spread":0.208430758940834,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}