{"id":"W2337593977","doi":"10.2166/ws.2001.0037","title":"Integrated modelling of ozonation processes in water treatment","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology Water Supply","topic":"Water Treatment and Disinfection","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Ozone; Contactor; Water disinfection; Mass transfer; Process (computing); Water treatment; Chemistry; Environmental science; Process engineering; Environmental engineering; Environmental chemistry; Thermodynamics; Chromatography; Computer science; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002622443,0.0008011089,0.0007624446,0.0002715572,0.000342883,0.001015722,0.0009147871,0.001158442,0.001319872],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005923395,0.000409659,0.0007113832,0.0003676456,0.0004619096,0.001002032,0.000697761,0.0008617443,0.0003194523],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001162814,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001052438,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01628479,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007825357,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997922,0.00003686632,0.000009604215,0.00003994169,0.00008029149,0.00004106082],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998736,0.00005168796,0.00002256577,0.000008735929,0.00003299337,0.00001041658],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000295026,0.00001731854,0.0002260519,0.00003355053,0.00001005812,0.00002521225,0.00002343181,0.9903018,0.003237737,0.0030091,0.0000765434,0.003009642],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000587962,0.00001674086,0.00008188514,0.000002182821,0.00000593928,0.000004378193,0.000005064278,0.9970209,0.001409822,0.0008198423,0.000623343,0.000004056472],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1591968,0.00149995,0.8250956,0.0003077177,0.0001217885,0.0001372236,0.0005123486,0.0006496653,0.01247905],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.943278,0.001424846,0.04413142,0.00006663171,0.00002966788,0.0002600795,0.0004592487,0.00009605045,0.01025395],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01628479,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03237998,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01502855659565946,"score_gpt":0.2136475518244833,"score_spread":0.1986189952288239,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}