{"id":"W2338861533","doi":"10.3847/2041-8205/822/2/l26","title":"THE EMPIRE SURVEY: SYSTEMATIC VARIATIONS IN THE DENSE GAS FRACTION AND STAR FORMATION EFFICIENCY FROM FULL-DISK MAPPING OF M51","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Astrophysical Journal Letters","topic":"Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":133,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Star (game theory); Star formation; Fraction (chemistry); Astronomy; Astrophysics; Physics; Chemistry; Galaxy; Chromatography","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006914666,0.0001334134,0.000224112,0.00003600185,0.0006521873,0.0001425311,0.0002597756,0.00001265111,0.00000476692],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003412758,0.00005242704,0.0001039738,0.0001760415,0.0001340162,0.0003303969,0.00004885247,0.0002265876,0.00001204145],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003570892,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001732739,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001240266,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007755093,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998324,0.0005618826,0.0004713964,0.00009182729,0.0003426156,0.0002082185],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980056,0.001157351,0.0004918737,0.0002198329,0.00009445455,0.00003089166],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001198539,0.001493429,0.04450892,0.0006566629,0.002899944,0.00001630634,0.07617932,0.0029246,0.6313307,0.1194642,0.006248586,0.1130788],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002964963,0.0003497755,0.9298003,0.001828791,0.0003465381,0.00001923698,0.02500118,0.01815898,0.0005662465,0.02009503,0.0002780952,0.0005908791],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7207148,0.00002219919,0.2762579,0.002721347,0.00006126389,0.0001693498,0.00003737332,0.000003021625,0.00001272135],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993881,0.00001236881,0.000269767,0.00008065264,0.0002150175,0.0000183541,0.000006071262,0.00000692443,0.000002761425],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8852913,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5016164,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01344625600046636,"score_gpt":0.22718176599764,"score_spread":0.2137355099971736,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}