{"id":"W2343287826","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2378039","title":"Transaction Costs and Competition among Audit Firms in Local Markets","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Corporate Finance and Governance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; University of British Columbia; Wilfrid Laurier University","funders":"","keywords":"Business; Competition (biology); Audit; Transaction cost; Industrial organization; Commerce; Accounting; Finance","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00329576,0.0001182037,0.0005679368,0.001522986,0.001325397,0.005556738,0.0008380733,0.001302515,0.01813795],"category_scores_gemma":[0.03093729,0.0003192313,0.0002704325,0.002455365,0.001979957,0.004021955,0.001505582,0.001188505,0.0006609011],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003268729,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001539393,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01964199,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.04138527,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978628,0.000987737,0.00012182,0.0001507287,0.0003163909,0.0005605855],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9173177,0.05593176,0.01607295,0.001714833,0.003380222,0.005582457],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.004623573,0.001213361,0.8505847,0.0002139885,0.0002378175,0.001501355,0.00703504,0.01436783,0.001588841,0.08163822,0.004231852,0.0327634],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003396162,0.0005561166,0.8737203,0.0001379608,0.0002131646,0.0006548581,0.03107824,0.03770475,0.0007719976,0.05082386,0.003881057,0.0001181395],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9947349,0.0002348364,0.0002051458,0.0003635078,0.000002265203,0.000006861143,0.00005030034,0.00000432674,0.004397996],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991773,0.00003308293,0.00002211883,0.00001218074,0.00000350926,0.000001608119,0.00001949198,0.000001577544,0.0007292404],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01964199,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06067753,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.00780925495278809,"score_gpt":0.1924481815872093,"score_spread":0.1846389266344212,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}