{"id":"W2343961932","doi":"10.1108/igdr-11-2015-0048","title":"The missing middle in developing countries revisited","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Indian Growth and Development Review","topic":"Firm Innovation and Growth","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Bimodality; Developing country; Distribution (mathematics); Econometrics; Economics; Originality; Value (mathematics); Statistics; Mathematics; Economic growth; Sociology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009254888,0.0001315575,0.000297135,0.0001448842,0.0002158031,0.00007923812,0.0001461969,0.0000476162,0.00007231093],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002720574,0.00008554559,0.00002373428,0.000376816,0.00005934249,0.0001745258,0.00004535399,0.00006081022,0.0003055506],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008282023,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009439899,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007966612,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001083084,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986485,0.00001826484,0.000765215,0.000254367,0.00004342678,0.000270242],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994388,0.0001032977,0.0002265738,0.0001391605,0.00003521585,0.00005690438],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007057119,0.00001187145,0.2162855,0.002093978,0.00002983447,0.00001255988,0.0005089393,3.386922e-9,0.000002976919,0.6928658,0.003156536,0.0850249],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002735374,0.000004957545,0.05908253,0.003096812,9.352114e-7,0.000006932838,0.000008143221,3.203243e-7,0.00009799918,0.006493453,0.9307222,0.0002121143],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.03770177,0.7622734,0.005526366,0.1632394,0.0005764252,0.001608899,0.00004151153,0.0001278951,0.02890441],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.240891,0.7153073,0.007651384,0.03465909,0.00009586038,0.0001596797,0.00002784663,0.00004863751,0.001159196],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9275658,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3927337,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04163312089964482,"score_gpt":0.2308986398054436,"score_spread":0.1892655189057988,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}