{"id":"W235090992","doi":"10.1596/23659","title":"Tax Incentives for Research and Development","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"book","venue":"World Bank, Washington, DC eBooks","topic":"Innovation Policy and R&D","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Incentive; Tax incentive; Promotion (chess); Public economics; Business; Tax credit; Economics; Political science; Microeconomics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001898191,0.0003935929,0.000697886,0.001543595,0.0006607638,0.0003566235,0.0004939751,0.0003726937,0.0004105915],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001184089,0.0004399422,0.00009770959,0.0001386457,0.0003534961,0.0001595099,0.0003043435,0.0008111817,0.0008932074],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004784043,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003575,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001063623,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002822505,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9970789,0.00002345383,0.001146003,0.0008500395,0.0001276157,0.0007740067],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982162,0.0002936732,0.0005950491,0.0004768145,0.0002864931,0.000131769],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001647468,0.00002304038,0.0001322648,0.0002090511,0.00009550976,0.000001193053,0.001022287,2.581308e-7,0.000004846413,0.7921435,0.2014103,0.004941355],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003985662,0.00003347385,0.0003576785,0.000140082,0.000003100389,0.000001097121,0.00002186955,0.0000114135,0.0002040453,0.2259013,0.7725163,0.0004110513],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.001463577,0.001202326,0.0003116891,0.0006401784,0.0006745906,0.001358646,0.0002725878,0.00006940839,0.994007],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.005411973,0.000046972,0.00296488,0.0005452948,0.0007246656,0.0003657633,0.0001865876,0.0001172595,0.9896366],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.571106,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998847,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1401058284061943,"score_gpt":0.3068348172072284,"score_spread":0.1667289888010341,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}