{"id":"W2353904949","doi":"","title":"A Century of Doctoral Education in Canada: Evolution and Trend","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waiguo jiaoyu yanjiu","topic":"Doctoral Education Challenges and Solutions","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Period (music); Trend analysis; History; Higher education; Doctoral dissertation; Political science; Geography; Law; Art","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005895924,0.0002341783,0.0004034158,0.006614039,0.01100166,0.008485038,0.001642371,0.001584569,0.004769334],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01429546,0.0003496172,0.0002631224,0.01600531,0.007810119,0.00296677,0.003861773,0.003544135,0.000331927],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.1282678,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.2351619,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9080348,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.959226,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9943663,0.0005000877,0.0002670881,0.0006004529,0.002469069,0.00179698],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9720324,0.00213044,0.001877788,0.000363199,0.0126142,0.01098203],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004768003,0.000199902,0.1140831,0.001911711,0.00007987625,0.001315317,0.0805613,0.0008916437,0.002173175,0.2283376,0.08515771,0.4848119],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001564252,0.00006683491,0.2792401,0.001119303,0.00001821764,0.000440687,0.03824929,0.0003207613,0.0005965393,0.003571049,0.6762856,0.00007603783],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4747056,0.1622154,0.001802334,0.1795811,0.002394343,0.0001808005,0.002885366,0.0001989361,0.1760361],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8725759,0.08899182,0.001665923,0.007484449,0.0005992789,0.0000587012,0.000717765,0.00008962027,0.02781656],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8717322,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9306524,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.08038692822866199,"score_gpt":0.4465355010962301,"score_spread":0.3661485728675681,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}