{"id":"W2354529","doi":"10.1007/978-94-015-9504-9_12","title":"Sciences and Pseudosciences: An Attempt at a New Form of Demarcation","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"The Western Ontario series in philosophy of science","topic":"Philosophy and History of Science","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University","funders":"","keywords":"Pseudoscience; Intuition; Faith; Epistemology; Philosophy; Fallacy; History","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.001054364,0.0003845585,0.0005394855,0.0006293337,0.001555438,0.0001999183,0.002135346,0.0001069343,0.0006709766],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009205494,0.0002941609,0.00008834701,0.0001625966,0.04085831,0.00275239,0.0003456622,0.0002982357,0.00001736579],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003229293,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001287389,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01893461,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.4204021,"domain_scores_codex":[0.996599,0.00001928466,0.000746221,0.0009010651,0.001308573,0.0004258519],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983055,0.00007080291,0.0006569212,0.0006207753,0.0001550088,0.0001910215],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000101386,0.00005062442,0.0008191806,0.00006892115,0.000007518547,0.000003789312,0.09259248,0.0000130644,0.0002150518,0.904126,0.0000486049,0.001953337],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002616834,0.001368545,0.001570035,0.0005014486,0.0000347465,0.000036511,0.0003603443,0.00001775995,0.00007067723,0.907443,0.08781523,0.0005200185],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1226058,0.0005153349,0.000002018302,0.00100345,0.0006520571,0.0004481572,0.00004090883,0.00002745431,0.8747048],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8622445,0.0001245687,0.0002000599,0.0003303112,0.0002817006,0.00000798074,0.000003985283,0.00001839591,0.1367885],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7396387,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999511,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0661865420604408,"score_gpt":0.2400348013905869,"score_spread":0.1738482593301461,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}