{"id":"W2359443987","doi":"","title":"DRINKING WATER DISINFECTION BYPRODUCTS:CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND TOXICITY","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Chemistry","topic":"Water Treatment and Disinfection","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Chloramine; Chlorine dioxide; Chlorine; Chemistry; Bromate; Environmental chemistry; Water disinfection; Ozone; Haloacetic acids; Natural organic matter; Health risk; Water treatment; Toxicity; Environmental science; Environmental health; Organic chemistry; Environmental engineering; Organic matter","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005129636,0.0001516479,0.00008250815,0.00000698497,0.0001049815,0.0000189736,0.00005354643,0.00007777484,0.00560365],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000002260296,0.0001230514,0.00003127488,0.00002691022,0.0001445372,0.0002836068,0.0001525381,0.00007339098,0.0003250028],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001512299,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":6.469095e-7,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000255983,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.257017e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991868,0.00001124962,0.0001228575,0.0003472399,0.0001313078,0.0002005619],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997281,0.000002668873,0.00003354956,0.0001521529,4.928974e-7,0.00008307039],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001316131,0.0001281334,0.2444235,0.000003837108,0.000005162249,0.000002215825,0.0003034647,6.068771e-7,0.7540174,3.049674e-7,0.000006809656,0.00109541],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001695003,0.00001483938,0.1943793,0.000002765992,0.00001495212,0.00001757508,0.00001510006,0.00002205228,0.8047655,0.000056407,0.0004076447,0.0001344381],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9945263,0.000004057523,0.0001345123,0.00002641903,0.00005018219,0.00008964299,0.00000359494,0.00005465493,0.005110587],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985908,0.00001172413,0.0001300404,0.00003095135,0.00005187451,0.0000136052,0.0001940894,0.0000149347,0.0009620178],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05074803,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9953054,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.005992546887106414,"score_gpt":0.1557304750047276,"score_spread":0.1497379281176212,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}