{"id":"W2395156551","doi":"","title":"Refund Fraud? - Real-Time Solution! Digital Security Borrowed from the VAT (Brazil, Quebec, & Belgium)","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"FinTech, Crowdfunding, Digital Finance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Premise; Documentation; Certification; Authentication (law); Business; Computer security; Audit; Digital signature; Computer science; Accounting; Law and economics; Political science; Law; Economics; Hash function","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003208663,0.0004045926,0.0002649687,0.001381759,0.003889373,0.00642636,0.00141393,0.002017492,0.01044319],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008385455,0.000315427,0.0006013838,0.00182371,0.003653665,0.003809666,0.002395911,0.002492656,0.002529998],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.02069993,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.02432259,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.5945913,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.6020467,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9948782,0.001130756,0.0001855434,0.0004669269,0.002504865,0.0008336766],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9953045,0.0004464738,0.0004276731,0.001072391,0.002349576,0.0003993062],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005390524,0.0000736909,0.005401202,0.0001903001,0.00002713052,0.0005429014,0.002870634,0.001766323,0.00421464,0.4345882,0.1295277,0.4207434],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002762288,0.00004715014,0.005152605,0.0003021432,0.00001897571,0.0007704924,0.002009576,0.004281456,0.004457903,0.01695559,0.9658893,0.00008707377],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.05492252,0.01163687,0.1099832,0.2463834,0.002491297,0.000428006,0.0006659955,0.003474488,0.5700141],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6625197,0.008629701,0.09247085,0.01932863,0.0003238089,0.0001497297,0.0005079656,0.0004728195,0.2155967],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4054087,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8155924,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.007282837656793549,"score_gpt":0.2122617199105485,"score_spread":0.2049788822537549,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}