{"id":"W2397833088","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2016.05.084","title":"Removal and biodegradation of naphthenic acids by biochar and attached environmental biofilms in the presence of co-contaminating metals","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioresource Technology","topic":"Petroleum Processing and Analysis","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":107,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland; University of Calgary","funders":"Genome Canada","keywords":"Biochar; Biofilm; Biodegradation; Naphthenic acid; Sorption; Chemistry; Softwood; Environmental chemistry; Microbial population biology; Pulp and paper industry; Waste management; Bacteria; Organic chemistry; Adsorption; Pyrolysis; Biology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002546483,0.0005086391,0.0004114688,0.0001787084,0.0003093247,0.0004963469,0.0002463374,0.0003036837,0.0002728012],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002690712,0.000158732,0.0002833998,0.0001633489,0.0001861013,0.0002692049,0.0003885135,0.0003018021,0.0001570096],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003834391,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007118698,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01318265,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02928528,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997193,0.00003223133,0.00001731631,0.00004880612,0.0001181909,0.00006412227],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998761,0.00002107493,0.00001978709,0.00000897331,0.00004430994,0.00002968919],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005352085,0.00002934203,0.0008458762,0.00003721731,0.000008098902,0.00002094728,0.0000211301,0.00008424912,0.9974803,0.000007178686,0.000005159117,0.001407011],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008693958,0.0006850681,0.01326493,0.000007441132,0.00003326073,0.00008198007,0.0001352714,0.0009024183,0.9842875,0.00001839115,0.0005666303,0.000008445653],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.998937,0.0002751981,0.0004919366,0.00001405175,0.000006575219,0.00001063987,0.00004672983,0.000004441868,0.0002135205],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9941308,0.0007563152,0.003579184,0.00002364264,0.000008210843,0.0000207522,0.0001693152,0.000005753353,0.001306044],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01318265,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0262118,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.007343005890071756,"score_gpt":0.2282015008561959,"score_spread":0.2208584949661242,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}