{"id":"W2405164879","doi":"10.1080/08959420.2016.1187035","title":"Reforms of Retirement Policies: Three Common Paths in Aging in Japan and Korea","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Aging & Social Policy","topic":"Retirement, Disability, and Employment","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Seniority; Population ageing; Wage; Demographic economics; Retirement age; Welfare; Compensation (psychology); Labour economics; Welfare state; Economics; Population; Business; Political science; Pension; Market economy; Demography; Politics; Finance; Sociology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002079614,0.0001228916,0.0003833853,0.0003151874,0.0001878212,0.0000408484,0.0002688434,0.00008374852,0.00001589336],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002784596,0.00008597801,0.0001140001,0.0004006553,0.0004844254,0.0003006799,0.00008399053,0.0001706286,0.000001000402],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000999897,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003122555,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.05268325,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02847729,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979424,0.0001961815,0.0007293671,0.0001278298,0.0005667399,0.0004375149],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991177,0.00009547683,0.0004691862,0.0001057777,0.0000903785,0.0001214612],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002627902,0.000144789,0.8528776,0.00004750309,0.00002028202,0.000004745441,0.08413749,0.000001585632,0.000639822,0.01275821,0.000170402,0.04917134],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001137514,0.0001320159,0.9400513,0.0004954154,0.00001422815,0.00000175475,0.01721533,0.000001838025,0.0002373867,0.0395812,0.0009742936,0.000157781],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9671713,0.000108759,0.000005166751,0.0270347,0.0001141302,0.0001416606,0.000003527819,0.000007624339,0.005413159],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983435,0.0004372687,0.00003175734,0.000231784,0.0008709702,0.000002561052,1.952466e-7,0.00001068279,0.0000713133],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08717369,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9892505,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1241943399661741,"score_gpt":0.4265919010379042,"score_spread":0.3023975610717302,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}