{"id":"W2405211609","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1351","title":"Population trends for North American winter birds based on hierarchical models","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":77,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Breeding bird survey; Range (aeronautics); Population; Geography; Habitat; Population size; Ecology; Latitude; Bird conservation; Biology; Demography","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004355312,0.00009078528,0.00009347874,0.00001010031,0.00006637095,0.00001368434,0.0001025929,0.00002261061,0.0682441],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000012618,0.00006084718,0.00007112187,0.0001476441,0.00007436894,0.00009360784,0.00002629097,0.00003246607,0.00115781],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003212336,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000220022,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001025759,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003199375,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993097,0.00001656263,0.0001045668,0.0002161361,0.0001496323,0.0002033805],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996622,0.00003877019,0.00004481222,0.0001657931,0.000004284784,0.00008418899],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003012387,0.0002934883,0.1329488,0.000005985475,0.00001036575,0.000002316006,0.00006471168,0.001799866,0.0003878856,0.001623859,0.4281437,0.4344178],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005993306,0.0002418983,0.939018,0.0000063815,0.000005422744,4.096601e-7,0.00003093438,0.01094182,0.0001144699,0.0002805113,0.04859314,0.0001676689],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8961617,0.00000147525,0.004290925,0.002676999,0.00008376719,0.0000918458,0.0002698689,0.00006966908,0.09635375],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963415,0.000002695422,0.0002848456,0.0006032437,0.00003476908,0.00003470536,0.00009791273,0.00001275955,0.002587564],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8060692,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996199,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0223258282443266,"score_gpt":0.248009495673825,"score_spread":0.2256836674294984,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}