{"id":"W2410828217","doi":"10.5539/elt.v9n8p1","title":"A Comparative Study on Beliefs of Grammar Teaching between High School English Teachers and Students in China","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"English Language Teaching","topic":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Grammar; Psychology; Linguistic competence; Linguistics; Communicative language teaching; Teaching method; English grammar; Sentence; Communicative competence; Mathematics education; Language education; Pedagogy","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003478743,0.0004186961,0.0007574015,0.0004400356,0.0005816054,0.0002891231,0.0005158078,0.00009785041,0.0001651441],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002383376,0.0003066192,0.00009817206,0.00005082441,0.000165191,0.0005763614,0.0002240321,0.002046162,0.00001434152],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001550841,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002571327,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003518957,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007928946,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9959252,0.001703743,0.0006329123,0.0006107259,0.0006135455,0.0005139041],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981883,0.0008368848,0.0002977802,0.0004543728,0.00004659946,0.0001760187],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002668854,0.000466684,0.2232543,0.00001678206,0.0001194781,0.00001825309,0.7650192,0.000009376886,0.0001124821,0.003484974,0.0001284489,0.007343294],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004161848,0.001058832,0.1970394,0.0008929183,0.00009781915,7.504335e-7,0.7915698,0.00000545033,0.00009042867,0.0001499057,0.004236454,0.000696402],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9765894,0.0001421678,0.00003307357,0.0000529632,0.000390325,0.0005278102,0.0000333662,0.000314994,0.02191585],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957321,0.00000229059,0.0001468119,0.00004356496,0.001805343,0.00003118197,0.00001727417,0.00006201509,0.002159449],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02655057,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999386,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01929816760741341,"score_gpt":0.2939427788629369,"score_spread":0.2746446112555235,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}