{"id":"W2414419125","doi":"10.2118/175157-pa","title":"Advances in Understanding Wettability of Tight Oil Formations: A Montney Case Study","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SPE Reservoir Evaluation & Engineering","topic":"Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis","field":"Engineering","cited_by":69,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Cenovus Energy (Canada); University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Cenovus Energy","keywords":"Imbibition; Wetting; Quartz; Petroleum engineering; Brine; Geology; Capillary pressure; Contact angle; Tight oil; Dolomite; Oil shale; Relative permeability; Calcite; Petroleum reservoir; Unconventional oil; Mineralogy; Materials science; Geotechnical engineering; Composite material; Chemistry; Porous medium; Porosity","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001408347,0.0001950081,0.0003022103,0.0005519553,0.00004819703,0.00002385562,0.0001521426,0.00007215315,0.0001253574],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003556928,0.000154683,0.0000879385,0.0008669436,0.00002252259,0.001017144,0.00003574383,0.0001238868,0.00001215975],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006311603,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004513293,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005234694,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001165535,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981365,0.0001088049,0.00066919,0.0002175859,0.0006004782,0.000267434],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991295,0.0001799563,0.00007133382,0.0003976328,0.0001314265,0.00009014822],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007947042,0.00006860722,0.003249046,0.0001248862,0.00004866743,0.00002876511,0.001219196,0.9889819,0.001507045,0.0002458431,0.00001164885,0.004506438],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00136748,0.00004580426,0.0003938432,0.0001615809,0.0000569154,0.00002162132,0.004394183,0.9916318,0.0008296332,0.0005419374,0.000298274,0.0002569378],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9047598,0.001407288,0.09048553,0.0001688989,0.0002022282,0.0004143041,0.00000891879,0.0002245972,0.002328492],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987856,0.0006278888,0.0003505429,0.000001742406,0.00003790024,0.0001410494,0.000005476783,0.00002947927,0.00002027835],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0940259,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6307791,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05201313285195543,"score_gpt":0.3010913865435033,"score_spread":0.2490782536915479,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}