{"id":"W2414768697","doi":"10.1097/ede.0000000000000117","title":"Commentary","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"letter","venue":"Epidemiology","topic":"Advanced Causal Inference Techniques","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; McGill University Health Centre","funders":"","keywords":"Counterfactual thinking; Argument (complex analysis); Meaning (existential); Psychological intervention; Causal inference; Race (biology); Sociology; Psychology; Epistemology; Social psychology; Econometrics; Gender studies; Mathematics; Medicine; Philosophy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.007557788,0.001042151,0.001271239,0.001743948,0.006026803,0.007224872,0.004883232,0.02761767,0.1755164],"category_scores_gemma":[0.06076806,0.0006264168,0.001766992,0.001409939,0.003996,0.006003186,0.004280507,0.02329103,0.06811788],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.007586042,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01646879,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01269571,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01505934,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9923469,0.001554674,0.0003967404,0.001254286,0.003109545,0.001337875],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9752989,0.009148935,0.0007240319,0.001576107,0.01029975,0.002952353],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008622869,0.000002625789,0.00001524686,0.00004021713,0.0000018552,0.00003912345,0.00003928797,0.000004848616,0.000009692641,0.002561676,0.9944443,0.002832487],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007214697,0.000003125598,0.00006137284,0.0002445077,0.000002644623,0.00005955703,0.00009372952,0.000008207461,0.00002546888,0.001387575,0.9981017,0.000004960873],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"commentary","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001817176,0.005480303,0.0002308405,0.7320956,0.2051736,0.00005326377,0.0006705581,0.0001361033,0.05597795],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.002589164,0.00296738,0.000219379,0.8397368,0.0432172,0.0001216073,0.0003712399,0.0001862153,0.110591],"genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":"commentary","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1755164,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.3756638362702437,"score_gpt":0.4811984656241169,"score_spread":0.1055346293538732,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}