{"id":"W2423984443","doi":"10.1017/s0954394516000065","title":"A tale of two cities (and one vowel): Sociolinguistic variation in Swedish","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Language Variation and Change","topic":"Linguistic Variation and Morphology","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Variation (astronomy); Vowel; Linguistics; Immigration; Context (archaeology); Ethnic group; Language contact; Identity (music); Sociolinguistics; Language change; Sociology; Appeal; Psychology; Geography; Political science; Anthropology; Art","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006013893,0.0001358069,0.000213983,0.001583243,0.0009067856,0.001338867,0.0002653074,0.0002595428,0.00109562],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001250944,0.000107877,0.0001729048,0.001277154,0.001961227,0.0003506638,0.001322635,0.0002168408,0.0001051599],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006513154,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003079473,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01530027,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03754817,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994922,0.0002118873,0.00003202273,0.0001105842,0.0000748555,0.00007850536],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992447,0.0003569059,0.0001495202,0.00006101645,0.0001080587,0.00007982612],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006019868,0.00006295283,0.7388253,0.00009818526,0.0001205681,0.001283138,0.21775,0.0003412587,0.01404475,0.003075422,0.0005236565,0.02327272],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003455926,0.00006183013,0.9133076,0.00001980162,0.00002144337,0.0002819018,0.08413939,0.0001158811,0.0003660424,0.0003510859,0.0013183,0.00001330516],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9994842,0.00004275464,0.0000356237,0.00001682608,0.00000197845,6.797563e-7,0.00001285658,0.000001282583,0.0004036933],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9998506,0.00001506509,0.00002768528,0.000003001916,8.488776e-7,8.082122e-7,0.00001420362,0.000001332875,0.00008641571],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01530027,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03042245,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03566858984529574,"score_gpt":0.3140668691220227,"score_spread":0.2783982792767269,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}