{"id":"W2434406161","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.12240","title":"Evaluation of lactulose, lactose, and fructose breath testing in clinical practice: A focus on methane","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"JGH Open","topic":"Gastrointestinal motility and disorders","field":"Medicine","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Kingston General Hospital; Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Lactulose; Lactose; Breath test; Chemistry; Fructose; Methane; Food science; Carbohydrate; Animal science; Internal medicine; Gastroenterology; Biochemistry; Medicine; Organic chemistry; Biology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006148774,0.0003461606,0.0006868669,0.001956218,0.0004017125,0.001421941,0.0008230378,0.0009705284,0.001183658],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02719736,0.0003362609,0.0002627236,0.001605985,0.001242792,0.001333865,0.001005272,0.0008097925,0.0002785037],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001004203,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001076508,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00143126,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00189882,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9914529,0.00478781,0.0009099027,0.0005386894,0.001772507,0.0005381097],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9681967,0.01770315,0.008014867,0.0006003024,0.00338389,0.002101069],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005552634,0.0001872516,0.8569636,0.001107789,0.00005076217,0.006222146,0.001159157,0.00028291,0.003534744,0.0003303955,0.001578448,0.1280275],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002634771,0.001910359,0.9359965,0.002036307,0.00009060315,0.04029047,0.005433507,0.001401428,0.002669851,0.0005979069,0.009483101,0.00006360251],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8390329,0.1314866,0.005035644,0.01342979,0.0002958045,0.0001230678,0.0001247669,0.0001166781,0.01035467],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9831167,0.0127238,0.002554611,0.0009651451,0.0003727869,0.00003179569,0.00004005672,0.00001710259,0.000178025],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.006148774,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03251821,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1379713628767396,"score_gpt":0.4500770129128648,"score_spread":0.3121056500361252,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}